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Red Headed Woodpecker Michigan

Red Headed Woodpecker in Michigan: A Fascinating Species

The Red Headed Woodpecker (Melanerpes erythrocephalus) is a striking bird species found in various parts of North America, including the state of Michigan. With its vibrant red head, black and white body, and unique behaviors, this woodpecker has captured the attention of bird enthusiasts and researchers alike. In this article, we will explore the characteristics, habitat, behavior, conservation status, and interesting facts about the Red Headed Woodpecker in Michigan.

Characteristics of the Red Headed Woodpecker

The Red Headed Woodpecker is a medium-sized bird, measuring around 7-9 inches in length and weighing approximately 2-3 ounces. Its most distinctive feature is its bright red head, which contrasts with its black back, wings, and tail. The bird’s underparts are white, and it has a large white patch on its wings that is visible during flight.

This woodpecker species exhibits sexual dimorphism, with males having a small red patch on their nape, while females lack this feature. Juvenile Red Headed Woodpeckers have a mottled appearance, with a mix of red, black, and white feathers.

Habitat and Distribution

The Red Headed Woodpecker is a migratory bird that can be found across North America, from the eastern parts of the United States to southern Canada. In Michigan, it is a relatively common species, particularly in the southern and central parts of the state.

This woodpecker prefers open woodlands, savannas, orchards, and forest edges as its habitat. It requires a mix of mature trees for nesting and open areas for foraging. Dead trees or snags are particularly important for this species, as they provide nesting cavities and foraging opportunities.

Behavior and Diet

The Red Headed Woodpecker is known for its acrobatic foraging behavior. It can be seen clinging to tree trunks or branches, using its strong bill to excavate insects, larvae, and spiders from the bark. It also catches flying insects in mid-air and occasionally feeds on fruits, nuts, and seeds.

This woodpecker is known for its unique caching behavior. It often stores surplus food by wedging it into crevices or tree bark, creating a “pantry” for later consumption. This behavior is particularly important during the breeding season when the woodpeckers need to feed their young.

Conservation Status

The Red Headed Woodpecker is currently listed as a species of conservation concern in Michigan. While it is not federally listed as endangered or threatened, its population has been declining in recent years due to habitat loss and degradation.

Loss of suitable nesting sites, such as dead trees, and the conversion of open woodlands to agriculture or urban areas have negatively impacted the Red Headed Woodpecker’s population. Additionally, competition for nesting cavities with invasive species, such as European Starlings and House Sparrows, further threatens this woodpecker’s survival.

Interesting Facts about the Red Headed Woodpecker

  • The Red Headed Woodpecker is one of only four woodpecker species in North America that store food.
  • It has been observed to catch and eat small bats in flight.
  • This woodpecker is known for its distinctive “flicker” flight pattern, where it alternates between rapid wingbeats and short glides.
  • Red Headed Woodpeckers are highly territorial and will vigorously defend their nesting sites and food sources.
  • They have been known to engage in “anting,” a behavior where they rub ants on their feathers, possibly to deter parasites.
  • The oldest recorded Red Headed Woodpecker lived to be at least 15 years old.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

1. Are Red Headed Woodpeckers common in Michigan?

While the Red Headed Woodpecker is relatively common in Michigan, its population has been declining in recent years due to habitat loss and competition for nesting sites.

2. What do Red Headed Woodpeckers eat?

Red Headed Woodpeckers primarily feed on insects, larvae, spiders, and occasionally consume fruits, nuts, and seeds.

3. How can I attract Red Headed Woodpeckers to my backyard?

Creating a suitable habitat with dead trees or snags, providing bird feeders with suet or nuts, and planting native trees and shrubs can attract Red Headed Woodpeckers to your backyard.

4. Are Red Headed Woodpeckers endangered?

While the Red Headed Woodpecker is not federally listed as endangered or threatened, its population has been declining, and it is considered a species of conservation concern in Michigan.

5. Do Red Headed Woodpeckers migrate?

Yes, Red Headed Woodpeckers are migratory birds. They breed in Michigan during the summer and migrate to the southern United States and Mexico for the winter.

6. How can I help conserve Red Headed Woodpeckers?

You can contribute to the conservation of Red Headed Woodpeckers by preserving and creating suitable habitat, avoiding the use of pesticides, and supporting local conservation organizations.

Summary

The Red Headed Woodpecker is a captivating bird species found in Michigan. With its vibrant red head, black and white body, and unique behaviors, it is a favorite among bird enthusiasts. However, the population of this woodpecker has been declining due to habitat loss and competition for nesting sites. By understanding its characteristics, habitat, behavior, and conservation status, we can appreciate and work towards the conservation of this fascinating species.