Hummingbirds of North Carolina
North Carolina is home to a diverse range of bird species, including several species of hummingbirds. These tiny, colorful birds are known for their unique ability to hover in mid-air and their rapid wingbeats. In this article, we will explore the different species of hummingbirds found in North Carolina, their behavior, habitat, and how to attract them to your garden.
1. Ruby-throated Hummingbird
The most common hummingbird species found in North Carolina is the Ruby-throated Hummingbird (Archilochus colubris). These small birds are known for the vibrant red patch on the throat of males, while females have a white throat. They are migratory birds, spending their winters in Central America and Mexico and returning to North Carolina during the spring and summer months.
Ruby-throated Hummingbirds feed on nectar from a variety of flowers, as well as insects and spiders. They are attracted to brightly colored tubular flowers such as bee balm, cardinal flower, and trumpet vine. Planting these flowers in your garden can help attract these beautiful birds.
2. Rufous Hummingbird
Although less common than the Ruby-throated Hummingbird, the Rufous Hummingbird (Selasphorus rufus) can also be spotted in North Carolina. These birds are known for their aggressive behavior and territorial nature. Rufous Hummingbirds have reddish-brown plumage and are slightly larger than the Ruby-throated Hummingbird.
Unlike the Ruby-throated Hummingbird, Rufous Hummingbirds are not migratory birds. Some individuals may travel long distances during the winter months, but others may stay in North Carolina year-round. They feed on nectar from a variety of flowers and are particularly attracted to orange and red tubular flowers.
3. Black-chinned Hummingbird
The Black-chinned Hummingbird (Archilochus alexandri) is a rare visitor to North Carolina. These birds have a black throat patch, which gives them their name. They are slightly larger than the Ruby-throated Hummingbird and have a metallic green back and crown.
Black-chinned Hummingbirds are primarily found in the western parts of North America, but occasionally individuals may be spotted in North Carolina during migration. They feed on nectar from a variety of flowers and are attracted to purple and pink tubular flowers.
4. Calliope Hummingbird
The Calliope Hummingbird (Selasphorus calliope) is the smallest bird species in North America. These tiny birds have green plumage with a pinkish-red throat patch in males and a white throat in females. Calliope Hummingbirds are primarily found in the western parts of North America, but they occasionally make appearances in North Carolina during migration.
Calliope Hummingbirds feed on nectar from a variety of flowers and are attracted to red and pink tubular flowers. They are known for their distinctive high-pitched buzzing sound during flight.
5. Anna’s Hummingbird
The Anna’s Hummingbird (Calypte anna) is a rare visitor to North Carolina. These birds have a metallic green back and crown, with a pinkish-red throat patch in males and a white throat in females. Anna’s Hummingbirds are primarily found on the west coast of North America, but occasionally individuals may be spotted in North Carolina during migration.
Anna’s Hummingbirds feed on nectar from a variety of flowers and are attracted to red and pink tubular flowers. They are known for their ability to survive in colder temperatures compared to other hummingbird species.
Attracting Hummingbirds to Your Garden
If you want to attract hummingbirds to your garden in North Carolina, there are several steps you can take:
- Plant a variety of nectar-rich flowers, such as bee balm, cardinal flower, trumpet vine, and salvia.
- Provide a water source, such as a shallow birdbath or a misting fountain, for hummingbirds to drink and bathe.
- Hang hummingbird feeders filled with a sugar-water solution. Make sure to clean the feeders regularly to prevent the growth of mold or bacteria.
- Avoid using pesticides in your garden, as they can be harmful to hummingbirds and other wildlife.
- Create a habitat with trees and shrubs that provide shelter and perching spots for hummingbirds.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
1. How can I identify hummingbirds in North Carolina?
Hummingbirds can be identified by their small size, rapid wingbeats, and ability to hover in mid-air. The coloration and markings on their plumage can help differentiate between different species.
2. When is the best time to spot hummingbirds in North Carolina?
The best time to spot hummingbirds in North Carolina is during the spring and summer months when they are breeding and foraging for food. They typically arrive in North Carolina in late March or early April and leave by late September or early October.
3. How can I differentiate between male and female hummingbirds?
Male hummingbirds often have more vibrant and colorful plumage, including patches of iridescent feathers. Females, on the other hand, tend to have more subdued plumage and lack the flashy throat patches seen in males.
4. Can I feed hummingbirds with regular sugar water?
Yes, you can feed hummingbirds with a sugar-water solution made by dissolving one part white granulated sugar in four parts water. Avoid using honey, artificial sweeteners, or red food coloring, as they can be harmful to hummingbirds.
5. How fast do hummingbirds fly?
Hummingbirds are incredibly agile and can fly at speeds of up to 30 miles per hour. During courtship displays, some hummingbird species can reach speeds of up to 60 miles per hour during their high-speed dives.
6. Are hummingbirds beneficial to the ecosystem?
Yes, hummingbirds play a crucial role in pollination. As they feed on nectar from flowers, they inadvertently transfer pollen from one flower to another, aiding in the reproduction of plants. They also consume small insects, helping to control pest populations.
Summary
North Carolina is home to several species of hummingbirds, including the Ruby-throated Hummingbird, Rufous Hummingbird, Black-chinned Hummingbird, Calliope Hummingbird, and Anna’s Hummingbird. These tiny birds are attracted to nectar